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Biodiversity
Flora
The forest of the PPSRNP is a representative of Palawan Moist Forest that is noted by the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) Global 200 report as having the richest tree flora in Asia with high levels of regional and local endemism. It represents eight of the thirteen forest types found in tropical Asia, namely forest over ultramafic soils, forest over limestone soils, montane forest, freshwater swamp forest, lowland evergreen tropical rainforest, riverine forest, beach forest, and mangrove forest. Such diversity of forest formations is exceptional in such a small area. More than 800 plant species of plants from 300 genera and 100 families have been recorded in the PPSRNP. These include at least 295 trees that are dominated by the dipterocarp type of species. Lowland forest species include large trees such as the Dao (Dracontomelon dao), Ipil (Instia bijuga), Amugis (Koordersiodendrum pinnatum), and Apitong (Dipterocarpus gracilis).
Fauna
The PPSRNP is one of the five Important Bird Areas (IBA) of Palawan which has been identified as one of the 7 Endemic Bird Areas (EBA) of the Philippines by Birdlife International (BI). A total of 165 species of birds has been recorded including all of the 15 endemic bird species of Palawan. It is inhabited by 5 internationally threatened bird species listed under Convention for Internationally Threatened and Endangered Species (CITES) including the Philippine cockatoo (Cacatua haematuropygia) and the Palawan peacock pheasant (Polyplectron emphanum), . Other notable species are the Blue-napped parrot (Tanygnathus lucionensis), Hill myna (Gracula religiosa), Palawan hornbill (Anthracoceros marchei),
There are also some 30 mammal species that have been recorded in the Park. Other prominent mammal species include the Park are the Bearded pig (Sus barbatus), Bearcat (Arctictis binturong), Palawan stink badger (Mydaus marchei) and the Palawan porcupine (Hystrix pumilus) Most often observed in the forest canopy and along the shoreline feeding during low tide is the long-tailed macaque (Macaca fascicularis).
There are 19 species of reptiles and 10 species of amphibians that have been identified in the PPPSRNP. Common reptiles species in the area include large predators like the Common reticulated python (Phython reticulatus) and the Monitor lizard (Varanus salvator). Other notable and whip spider (Stygophrynus sp.) that inhabit the cave, and the Hawksbill sea turtle (Chelonia mydas) the feed in the coastal area of the Park.